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|image = Mahmoud Ahmadinejad crop.jpg |imagesize = 220px |office = 6th President of Iran |1blankname = |1namedata = Ali Khamenei |vicepresident = Parviz Davoodi Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei Mohammad Reza Rahimi |term_start = 3 August 2005 |term_end = 3 August 2013 |predecessor = Mohammad Khatami |successor = Hassan Rouhani |office1 = Mayor of Tehran |deputy1 = Ali Saeedlou |term_start1 = 20 June 2003 |term_end1 = 3 August 2005 |predecessor1 = Mohammad-Hassan Malekmadani |successor1 = Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf |office2 = Governor of Ardabil |term_start2 = 1 May 1993 |term_end2 = 28 June 1997 |predecessor2 = Hossein Taheri |successor2 = Javad Negarandeh |office3 = Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement |term_start3 = 30 August 2012 |term_end3 = 3 August 2013 |predecessor3 = Mohamed Morsi |successor3 = Hassan Rouhani |birth_date = |birth_place = Aradan, Iran |death_date = |death_place = |party = Alliance of Builders |otherparty = Islamic Society of Engineers Society of Devotees |spouse = Azam Farahi |children = Mehdi Alireza Fatemeh |alma_mater = Iran University of Science and Technology |religion = Islam (Twelver) |signature = Mahmoud Ahmadinejad signature.svg |signature_alt = Signature of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad }} Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (, ''Mahmūd Ahmadinezhād'' ,〔The - is the Izāfa, which is a grammatical marker linking two words together. It is not indicated in writing, and is not part of the name itself, but is used when a first and last name are used together.〕〔(Pronunciations for محمود احمدینژاد )〕〔(Persian Grammar ), p. 145: ''. . . stress is word-final in simple, derived, and compound nouns and adjectives . . .'' 〕 born 28 October 1956)〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=The Diplomatic Observer )〕 is an Iranian politician who was the sixth President of Iran from 2005 to 2013. He was also the main political leader of the Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran, a coalition of conservative political groups in the country. An engineer and teacher from a poor background,〔(Biography of H.E. Dr. Ahmadi Nejad, Honourable President of Islamic Republic of Iran ). Retrieved 27 January 2008. 〕 Ahmadinejad joined the Office for Strengthening Unity〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Iran Chamber Society )〕 after the Iranian Revolution. Appointed a provincial governor, he was removed after the election of President Mohammad Khatami and returned to teaching. Tehran's council elected him mayor in 2003. He took a religious hard line, reversing reforms of previous moderate mayors.〔 Entekhab News. Retrieved 31 August 2006.〕 His 2005 presidential campaign, supported by the Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran, garnered 62% of the runoff election votes, and he became President on 3 August 2005. During his presidency, Ahmadinejad was viewed as a controversial figure within Iran, as well as internationally. He has been criticized domestically for his economic policies〔Hafezi, Parisa. "(Influential Iran cleric slams Ahmadinejad on economy )" Reuters, 13 August 2008〕 and alleged disregard for human rights.〔Memarian, Omid. "(Activists Warn of Rights Crisis Ahead of Ahmadinejad Visit )". Inter Press Service, 17 September 2010〕 Internationally, he is criticized for his hostility towards some countries, most notably Saudi Arabia, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States and other Western and Arab nations. In 2007, Ahmadinejad introduced a gas rationing plan to reduce the country's fuel consumption, and cut the interest rates that private and public banking facilities could charge.〔(مدیریت و" برنامه ریزی منحل ش" ) BBC Persian. Retrieved 29 July 2007.〕 He supports Iran's nuclear program. His election to a second term in 2009 was widely disputed and caused widespread protests domestically and drew significant international criticism. During his second term, Ahmadinejad came under fire not only from reformers but also traditionalists〔 in parliament and the Revolutionary Guard, and even from Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei,〔 over alleged corruption, Ahmadinejad's dismissal of Intelligence minister Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i, and his support for his controversial close adviser Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei.〔 On 14 March 2012, Ahmadinejad became the first president of the Islamic Republic of Iran to be summoned by the Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament) to answer questions regarding his presidency.〔(Iran's president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad summoned to parliament ). The Guardian (14 March 2012). Retrieved on 18 December 2012.〕〔(Ahmadinejad critic Larijani re-elected Iran speaker ). BBC (5 June 2012). Retrieved on 18 December 2012.〕 Limited to two terms under the current Iranian constitution, Ahmadinejad supported Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei's campaign for president. On 15 June 2013, Hassan Rouhani was elected as Ahmadinejad's successor and assumed office on 3 August 2013. ==Early life== Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was born on 28 October 1956 near Garmsar, in the village of Aradan, in Semnan province. His mother, Khanom, was a Sayyida, an honorific title given to those believed to be direct bloodline descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.〔 His father, Ahmad, was a grocer, barber and religious Shia who taught the Quran; he changed his family name from "Saborjhian" or "Sabaghian"〔Kasra Naji says that the name was 'Sabaghian,' which means 'dye-masters' in Persian; Kasra Naji. "Ahmadinejad: The Secret History of Iran's Radical Leader". University of California Press (2008), p. 4〕 to Ahmadinejad in 1960 to avoid discrimination when the family moved to Tehran. Sabor is Persian for thread painter,〔In 2009, some media reports claimed that Sabourjian is a common Iranian Jewish name, and that "Sabor" is the name for the Jewish Tallit shawl in Persia (''Daily Telegraph'', 3 October 2009, (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad revealed to have Jewish past )); Meir Javedanfar, a blogger at The Guardian disputes this claim citing experts, ''The Guardian'', 5 October 2009, (guardian.co.uk )〕 a once common occupation within the Semnan carpet industry. In 1976, Ahmadinejad took Iran's national university entrance examination. According to his autobiography, he was ranked 132nd out of 400,000 participants that year, and soon enrolled in the Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) as an undergraduate student of civil engineering. He earned his PhD (1997) in transportation engineering and planning from Iran University of Science and Technology, located at Tehran, when he was the mayor of Ardabil Province, located at the north-west of the country. Supporters of Ahmadinejad consider him a simple man who leads a modest life. As president, he wanted to continue living in the same house in Tehran his family had been living in until his security advisers insisted that he should move. Ahmadinejad had the antique Persian carpets in the Presidential palace sent to a carpet museum, and opted instead to use inexpensive carpets. He is said to have refused the V.I.P. seat on the Presidential plane, and that he eventually replaced it with a cargo plane instead.〔 Also upon gaining Iran's presidency, Ahmadinejad held his first cabinet meeting in the Imam Reza shrine at Mashhad, an act perceived as "pious". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mahmoud Ahmadinejad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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